Types of Silks in India and Their Uses

ndia is one of the world’s largest producers of natural silk, known for its rich textile heritage that spans thousands of years. Each region of India contributes a unique variety of silk, characterized by different textures, lustre, weaving techniques, and cultural significance. Understanding the types of Indian silks and their uses helps designers, artisans, and fabric enthusiasts make informed choices while celebrating the craftsmanship behind these luxurious textiles.

1. Mulberry Silk

Mulberry silk is the most widely produced silk in India and across the world. It comes from silkworms that feed exclusively on mulberry leaves. Known for its smooth texture, natural sheen, and durability, Mulberry silk is the highest quality silk available.
Uses:

• Sarees, lehengas, and salwar suits

• High-end scarves and stoles

• Bridal wear and luxurious drapery

• Premium bedding and upholstery

2. Tussar Silk

Tussar silk, also called “wild silk,” comes from silkworms found in forests of Jharkhand, Bihar, and Chhattisgarh. It has a rich, rustic texture and a natural gold tint. Tussar silk is known for being breathable and ideal for warmer climates.
Uses:

• Formal sarees and ethnic wear

• Dupattas and stoles

• Hand-painted or block-printed fabric

• Light shawls and home décor

3. Eri Silk

Eri silk is also called “Ahimsa Silk” because the silkworms are released before spinning, making it a cruelty-free fabric. Produced mainly in Assam, Eri silk is strong, warm, and matte-textured.
Uses:

• Winter shawls and scarves

• Jackets and wraps

• Traditional Assamese wear

• Durable home furnishings

4. Muga Silk

Muga silk is one of India’s rarest and most valuable silks, found only in Assam. Famous for its naturally golden hue, Muga silk is incredibly long-lasting—often said to outlive generations.
Uses:

• Exclusive sarees and Mekhela Chadors

• Royal costumes and ceremonial attire

• High-value heritage textiles

5. Banarasi Silk

While Banarasi refers to the weaving style rather than the silk itself, most Banarasi textiles use high-quality Mulberry silk. These fabrics are adorned with zari work, brocade patterns, and intricate designs.
Uses:

• Bridal sarees and wedding lehengas

• Luxury garments

• Dupattas and ethnic men’s wear

6. Mysore Silk

Produced in Karnataka, Mysore silk is known for its pure gold zari, fine weave, and lightweight drape.
Uses:

• Everyday silk sarees

• South Indian bridal wear

• Handloom scarves and temple fabrics

Indian silks are more than just fabrics—they reflect cultural identity, skilled craftsmanship, and centuries of tradition. Whether you’re choosing silk for fashion, interiors, or traditional wear, each variety offers something unique in beauty, texture, and purpose.